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Why so Hard to Say Sorry?
November 2013
BNAIC2013
When making a mistake, individuals are willing to apologize to secure further cooperation, even if the apology is costly. Similarly, individuals arrange commitments to guarantee that an action such as a cooperative one is in the others’ best interest, and thus will be carried out to avoid eventual penalties for commitment failure. Hence, both apology and commitment should go side by side in behavioral evolution. We study the relevance of a combination of those two strategies in the context of the iterated Prisoner’s Dilemma (IPD). We show that apologizing acts are rare in non-committed interactions, especially whenever cooperation is very costly, and that arranging prior commitments can considerably increase the frequency of such behavior. In addition, we show that with or without commitments, apology resolves conflicts only if it is sincere, i.e. costly enough.
In proceedings
Han The Anh, Luís Moniz Pereira, Francisco C. Santos, Tom Lenaerts
Koen Hindriks, Mathijs de Weerdt, Birna van Riemsdijk, Martijn Warnier
Procs. The 25th Benelux Conference on Artificial Intelligence (BNAIC 2013)
BNAIC
TU Delft
Delft, Netherlands
Conference Proceedings Repository TU Delft
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http://centria.di.fct.unl.pt/~lmp/publications/online-papers/apology_bnaic2013.pdf
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Han The Anh and Luís Moniz Pereira and Francisco C. Santos and Tom Lenaerts, Why so Hard to Say Sorry?, in: Koen Hindriks and Mathijs de Weerdt and Birna van Riemsdijk and Martijn Warnier (eds), Procs. The 25th Benelux Conference on Artificial Intelligence (BNAIC 2013), BNAIC, TU Delft, Delft, Netherlands, Vol. Conference Proceedings Repository TU Delft, (http://centria.di.fct.unl.pt/~lmp/publications/online-papers/apology_bnaic2013.pdf), November 2013.
<a href="/people/members/view.php?code=cdc7090d1f84f56c0671baa36e87bd77" class="author">Han The Anh</a>, <a href="/people/members/view.php?code=6175f826202ff877fba2ad77784cb9cb" class="author">Luís Moniz Pereira</a>, <a href="/people/members/view.php?code=ecbe12c4c0d80a28bae741293af61956" class="author">Francisco C. Santos</a> and Tom Lenaerts, <b>Why so Hard to Say Sorry?</b>, in: Koen Hindriks, Mathijs de Weerdt, Birna van Riemsdijk and Martijn Warnier (eds), <u>Procs. The 25th Benelux Conference on Artificial Intelligence (BNAIC 2013)</u>, BNAIC, TU Delft, Delft, Netherlands, Vol. Conference Proceedings Repository TU Delft, (<a href="http://centria.di.fct.unl.pt/~lmp/publications/online-papers/apology_bnaic2013.pdf" target="_blank">url</a>), November 2013.
@inproceedings {BNAIC2013, author = {Han The Anh and Lu\'{\i}s Moniz Pereira and Francisco C. Santos and Tom Lenaerts}, editor = {Koen Hindriks and Mathijs de Weerdt and Birna van Riemsdijk and Martijn Warnier}, title = {Why so Hard to Say Sorry?}, booktitle = {Procs. The 25th Benelux Conference on Artificial Intelligence (BNAIC 2013)}, series = {BNAIC}, publisher = {TU Delft}, address = {Delft, Netherlands}, volume = {Conference Proceedings Repository TU Delft}, url = {http://centria.di.fct.unl.pt/~lmp/publications/online-papers/apology_bnaic2013.pdf}, abstract = {When making a mistake, individuals are willing to apologize to secure further cooperation, even if the apology is costly. Similarly, individuals arrange commitments to guarantee that an action such as a cooperative one is in the others’ best interest, and thus will be carried out to avoid eventual penalties for commitment failure. Hence, both apology and commitment should go side by side in behavioral evolution. We study the relevance of a combination of those two strategies in the context of the iterated Prisoner’s Dilemma (IPD). We show that apologizing acts are rare in non-committed interactions, especially whenever cooperation is very costly, and that arranging prior commitments can considerably increase the frequency of such behavior. In addition, we show that with or without commitments, apology resolves conflicts only if it is sincere, i.e. costly enough.}, keywords = {apology, commitment, evolutionary game theory, prisoner's dilemma}, month = {November}, year = {2013}, }
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