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Contextual Abductive Reasoning with Side-Effects
July 2014
carwse
The belief bias effect is a phenomenon which occurs when we think that we judge an argument based on our reasoning, but are actually influenced by our beliefs and prior knowledge. Evans et al. carried out a psychological syllogistic reasoning task to prove this effect. We discuss one specific case which is commonly assumed to be believable but which is actually not logically valid. By introducing abnormalities, abduction and background knowledge, we adequately model this case under the weak completion semantics. Our formalization reveals new questions about possible extensions in abductive reasoning. For instance, observations and their explanations might include some relevant prior abductive contextual information concerning some side-effect or leading to a contestable or refutable side-effect.
In proceedings
Luís Moniz Pereira, Emmanuelle-Anna Dietz, Steffen Hölldobler
Manuel Carro
30th Intl. Conf. Logic Programming (ICLP'14)
International Conferences on Logic Programming
Cambridge University Press
Cambridge, UK
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http://centria.di.fct.unl.pt/~lmp/publications/online-papers/context_abd.pdf
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Luís Moniz Pereira and Emmanuelle-Anna Dietz and Steffen Hölldobler, Contextual Abductive Reasoning with Side-Effects, in: Manuel Carro (eds), 30th Intl. Conf. Logic Programming (ICLP'14), International Conferences on Logic Programming, Cambridge University Press, Cambridge, UK, (http://centria.di.fct.unl.pt/~lmp/publications/online-papers/context_abd.pdf), July 2014.
<a href="/people/members/view.php?code=6175f826202ff877fba2ad77784cb9cb" class="author">Luís Moniz Pereira</a>, Emmanuelle-Anna Dietz and Steffen Hölldobler, <b>Contextual Abductive Reasoning with Side-Effects</b>, in: Manuel Carro (eds), <u>30th Intl. Conf. Logic Programming (ICLP'14)</u>, International Conferences on Logic Programming, Cambridge University Press, Cambridge, UK, (<a href="http://centria.di.fct.unl.pt/~lmp/publications/online-papers/context_abd.pdf" target="_blank">url</a>), July 2014.
@inproceedings {carwse, author = {Lu\'{\i}s Moniz Pereira and Emmanuelle-Anna Dietz and Steffen H\"olldobler}, editor = {Manuel Carro}, title = {Contextual Abductive Reasoning with Side-Effects}, booktitle = {30th Intl. Conf. Logic Programming (ICLP'14)}, series = {International Conferences on Logic Programming}, publisher = {Cambridge University Press}, address = {Cambridge, UK}, url = {http://centria.di.fct.unl.pt/~lmp/publications/online-papers/context_abd.pdf}, abstract = {The belief bias effect is a phenomenon which occurs when we think that we judge an argument based on our reasoning, but are actually influenced by our beliefs and prior knowledge. Evans et al. carried out a psychological syllogistic reasoning task to prove this effect. We discuss one specific case which is commonly assumed to be believable but which is actually not logically valid. By introducing abnormalities, abduction and background knowledge, we adequately model this case under the weak completion semantics. Our formalization reveals new questions about possible extensions in abductive reasoning. For instance, observations and their explanations might include some relevant prior abductive contextual information concerning some side-effect or leading to a contestable or refutable side-effect.}, keywords = {Abductive Reasoning; Contextual Reasoning; Side-effects; Human Reasoning; Belief-Bias; Inspection Points; Three-valued Łukasiewicz Logic; Weak Completion Semantics; Logic Programming}, month = {July}, year = {2014}, }
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